The War Of The Vietnam War - 994 Words

â€Å"There s many a boy here today that looks upon war as all glory, but boys, it is all hell!†-William Sherman. During the Vietnam War, this was the thought process for many people and college students, including Mark. Throughout his life, Mark Egli’s occupations and lifestyle has fluctuated greatly. Mark went from being an orderly at a nursing home, to a farmer, to a school teacher, to a superintendent and the reason for all of these changes had to do with one event, the Vietnam War. Mark was in college during the war, and as the war went on, many people and college students, including Mark, started to go against the war for various reasons. Some of these reasons included adults being mad about the draft, the casualties that were occurring, and the fact they saw no point to go to war. The war affected Mark’s life in numerous ways including his college life, his job selections, and his thoughts about the government. It all started for Mark during his yea rs at the University of Iowa from 1968 to 1970. Mark recalls, â€Å"It was the late 60’s when I was a junior or senior at the University of Iowa. The American people, particularly students, began to confront the government about the war at Vietnam. Students were burning their draft cards and doing anything they could to stir up trouble.† Mark was not excluded from this trouble making. One situation Mark was involved in includes when his professor assigned him and his friend a job, â€Å"I had a professor that allowed meShow MoreRelatedThe War Of Vietnam And The Vietnam War1525 Words   |  7 PagesThe war in Vietnam is The United States and other capitalist bloc countries supported South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) against the support by the Soviet Union and other socialist bloc countries of North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and the Vietcong of war. Which occurred during the Cold War of Vietnam (main battlefield), Laos, and Cambodia. This is the biggest and longtime war in American history during the 1960s (Best 2008). It is also the most significant war after World War IIRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1475 Words   |  6 Pageson one such event, the Vietnam War, came from entertainment-based programs and the play Miss Saigon. Despite heavy coverage in such well-known comedic films as Forrest Gump and Good Morning Vietnam, the true events were anything but a laugh for those involved. In spite of the relative recentness of the events in Vietnam, many of today’s youths know little about the topic. The events in Vietnam raise the ever-present question on the ethics of third party involvement in a war otherwise unrelated toRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1729 Words   |  7 Pagesspread of communism all around the world. This is what lead to the gruesome war that lasted over a decade in Vietnam. A great deal of social changed happened all over the world, but particularly in America as the Vietnam War dragged on. As people became more aware of the atrocities going on in Southeast Asia, the endless domestic support turned into widespread explosive protest. During the first few years of the Vietnam conflict, Americans full heartedly supported the United States and its governmentRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1379 Words   |  6 Pagestensions over the Vietnam war caused many americans to become divided on the actions taken by the government across seas. Americans questioned whether the government could be trusted. The feeling of betrayal and government secrecy created the â€Å"Credibility Gap,† in which many americans believed that the government no longer was for the people, but for anything else that would benefit the government. The Vietnam War exacerbated the gap between the pro-war traditionalists and anti-war liberals along withRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1430 Words   |  6 Pagesended in 1989, the Vietnam war is still being fought, but on a different battlefield, one of public opinion. Some call this war an atrocity, a war the United States should never have joined. Others call it a crime, committed by the power hungry politicians of the U.S. Now that new information from both sides of the war has surfaced and the wounds of battle have had more time to heal there is yet another opinion emerging. The Vietnam War was in fact only one of many proxy wars fought under the umbrellaRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1155 Words   |  5 PagesThe Vietnam War cost many Americans their lives in the 60s and 70s. Many were drafted into the war by choice and others selectively chosen to join to help America. The contributions made had a major impact on the American side of the Vietnam War. Though many contributions were made none stand out any more than others. It is sometimes said there is always a hero in the war who helped the victory. Wars, however, do not have war heroes because a hero is making an undeniable contribution to the war andRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1592 Words   |  7 PagesThe Vietnam War was said to be one of the most significant wars in the twentieth century. This w ar took place from November 1, 1955 to April 30, 1975. It was at the time, the longest war in American history. Much of the conflict was centered in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. During that time, approximately 58,219 US troops were killed in action. The reason America got involved in the Vietnam War was to stop the spread of communism in South East Asia and beyond. â€Å"America’s involvement in Vietnam derivedRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1204 Words   |  5 Pagesus†¦ When that is the way you are, how do you conduct your life?† The Vietnam War killed over fifty eight thousand Americans and over 61% of the men killed were 21 years or younger. Most Americans are conflicted with the fact whether the Anti War Movement played a factor in prolonging the Vietnamese War. â€Å"In every story there are two sides and in between lies the truth.† Anonymous The United States become involved in Vietnam after the French withdrew when the Republican President Dwight EisenhowerRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War877 Words   |  4 PagesAnother big difference in this war was that the Vietnam War was had more disapproval and was more expressive within the American public, unlike the Korean War. The ANITWAR MOVEMENT started in the 1960s this group was never enacted until this era. There was not a group like this in Vietnam, but there were many groups that opposed the war. The main object of these revolts was the American military presence in Indochina. The ANITWAR MOVEMENT caused an influence not only socially, but also in the realmRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1421 Words   |  6 PagesIn July and August of 1972, Jane Fonda made radio broadcasts from Hanoi that changed the way Americans thought of the Vietnam war and of her. To this day, many people view her as a traitor and criticise her actions in Vietnam; however, some people we re truly inspired by her words and what she had to say. Despite people s personal opinions, Fonda was a powerful speaker and knew how to convey her message to her audience. She tried to convince people that the American government and military were the

The Unexpected Truth About Cool Personal Essay Topics

The Unexpected Truth About Cool Personal Essay Topics Individual perspectives do not, at the present time, look like a trustworthy method to get to the base of a subject. An essay involve plenty of thinking and self-analysis. At the exact same time, it's a fantastic persuasive essay idea. The Hidden Gem of Cool Personal Essay Topics An individual ought to know that a personal essay isn't an objective bit of writing. Even though a personal essay might have quite a loose language, you still ought to avoid slang and cliches, which might produce the text much weaker. As any other academic assignment, your private essay needs to be flawless in regards to grammar and punctuation. For instance, an essay on the very first topic can tell your private story. however, it may also be based on your imagination. Cool Personal Essay Topics Can Be Fun for Everyone If you lack ideas and don't understand where to start, we've prepared a list of private essay topics, which might help you to start. Naturally, also attempt to discover the very best original expository essay topics before you get started writing. The ESL essay ought to be grammatically accurate. Ask three unique experts what a personal essay is and you'll probably get three distinct answers. A whole lot of times you may have to compose a personal essay. Organize the information that you have in a manner a reader will appreciate. At the close of the day, there's absolutely no point in picking a good topic if you can't compose a great essay on it. In a narrative essay, you find it possible to compose in the very first person and utilize distinct stylistic devices. If you haven't written any narration essays before, you ought to read works of different students to comprehend how to develop a structure, the way to use your private narrative ideas, and what topics you are able to utilize. Your personal, professional, and academic background might be a rich supply of material for your own personal essay. Therefore, the focus isn't merely descriptive. It is essential that you find out more about the essay requirements for every single college on your application list. There are several persuasive essay topics to select from to finish your high school or college assignment. Fine, but you must be ready to write whatever you truly feel like writing from a college that might not be your first option. Therefore, many students utilize personal statements to share their previous accomplishments, explain the reason why they need to make a level, or describe the things that they wish to do with it. Most Noticeable Cool Personal Essay Topics Personal essays are extremely important and odds are that you are going to be asked to write them many times in your academic career. Furthermore, you'll be asked to react to the prompts below. No matter your assignment is, don't forget that the best essays are aware of what the aim is and understand how to achieve it. The Tried and True M ethod for Cool Personal Essay Topics in Step by Step Detail Be conscious of the size it must be and begin writing the narrative essay outline. With the aid of ready personal essay examples you are able to receive a very clear picture of the structure, interesting elements and plot twists, which might greatly enhance the grade of your essay. The ideal way to learn how to begin a personal essay is to get a very clear picture of the principal features it should contain and its key requirements. An excellent essay is going to be focused on an obvious idea with supporting details. Key Pieces of Cool Personal Essay Topics Recall unpleasant moments which you find very practical for your private improvement. Your essay deserves effort and attention, but bear in mind that it's only a component of the total application approach. Instead, you're just likely to surf the Web, searching for some interesting personal essay topics that you'll have the ability to use further in the text. A pplication essays about challenges reveal how you respond to difficulty to folks who are really interested in how you are going to take care of the subsequent four years all on your own. A keen grasp of the topic is essential avoid topics that you haven't experienced in real life and problems you didn't solve. Since there's a world of topics ahead of you, picking the topic that is distinctive and interesting at the exact same time, is certainly not a simple job. Among a myriad of essays the personal one is possibly the most astonishing and intimate. A personal essay is a wide essay that frequently incorporates a number of writing styles. It is called the autobiographical one. It is a brief essay that is about you. It's possible for you to define a notion in your short essay. It isn't always easy to select a fantastic topic and story for this kind of essay. Fantastic essays don't have bad topics. The fantastic narrative essay demands enough moment. When creating your bit of writing, you might need to locate an explanation to a particular phenomenon that has occurred in your life. Moreover, writing such papers can help you understand and on occasion resolve your feelings. So, as soon as you are sitting down to compose an essay, you will need to bear in mind that you need to express your personality there. A personal essay provides the reader a glimpse of your private life experience. You are able to write a very simple essay on the ideal age to vote or suitable age to be in a position to purchase alcohol. Expressing yourself with written words is a real art. The use of the essays is to express your individual capabilities, character traits, ideas and ideas, which will force you to loo k different from several other applicants and present you as a creative, committed and intelligent individual. Even a boring subject can appear appealing if you select the most suitable words and structure. In the event you're not certain how to compose a personal essay and struggle to begin, we've got a fantastic advice! Your thesis statement is the significance of that occasion. Topics like death and divorce are cautionary since they can be exceedingly hard to write about.

Geography Essay Example For Students

Geography Essay Japan consists of many different islands, the main ones being, Honshu,Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku, which are the countrys largest. Japansclosest neighbors include Korea, Russia and China. The Sea of Japanseparates Japan from the Asian continent. Japans area is larger than, for example, Germanys and comparable to theone of Italy or California. Japans northernmost islands are locatedapproximately on same geographical latitude as Milan or Portland while hersouthernmost islands are about on the same latitude as the Bahamas. Inother words, Japans North South extension equals about the distance fromOslo to Naples. More than 50% of the area of Japan is mountainous andcovered by forests. Japan is politically structured in 8 regions and 47prefectures. Japan is prone to both earthquakes and volcanoes. This is because of thegeographical position that Japan is located in. The most famous volcanothat Japan experience is Mt. Fuji. Mt. Fuji can be seen from Tokyo, thecountrys capital, when the weather is clear and is the highest point inall of Japan. The reason for Japans numerous earthquakes is because of its location onthe borders of where many tectonic plates meet. This means that when theplates, below the earths surface, move it creates friction on the earthabove, and, thus creating movement. Japans climate is very varied throughout the whole continent. The maincitys climate, including Tokyo, is temperate to subtropical and consistsof four seasons. The winter is mild but when it is summer there is an earlyrainy season, followed by typhoons that hit every year in parts of thecountry during late summer. The summer that Japan experiences are very hotand humid, Hokkaido, a northern island experiences a very cold winter thatbring about cold snowstorms. This differs remarkably from Okinawa where thewinter is a pleasant 16 degrees Celsius. ReligionThe two major religions in Japan are Buddhism and Shinto. They havecoexisted in the same country for many years and, in some cases, evencomplemented each other. The feeling of just belonging to one religion inmost countries is very rare in Japan. Many people in Japan considerthemselves Shinto-Buddhists or even get married in a western or Christianway even if they themselves are not Christians. This is because of theinfluence that the western world has provided for the Japanese people. Shinto is deeply rooted in the Japanese way of life and in theirtraditions. This means that propaganda or preaching, linked with Shinto, isvery uncommon. In contrast to many monotheist religions, there are noabsolutes in Shinto. There is no absolute right and wrong, and nobody isperfect. Shinto is an optimistic faith, as humans are thought to befundamentally good, and evil is believed to be caused by evil spirits. Consequently, the purpose of most Shinto rituals is to keep away evilspirits by purification, prayers and offerings to the kami. Buddhism, another main religion excepted in Japan, originated in India inthe 6th century BC. It consists of the teachings of the Buddha, GautamaSiddhartha. Of the main branches of Buddhism, it is the Mahayana orGreater Vehicle Buddhism, which found its way to Japan. Buddhism was imported to Japan via China and Korea in form of a presentfrom the friendly Korean kingdom of Kudara (Paikche) in the 6th century. While the ruling nobles welcomed Buddhism, as Japans new state religion,it did not initially spread among the common people due to its complextheories. 90% of Japans population consider themselves to be of the Shinto religion,75% of Japans population consider themselves to be of the Buddhistreligion. The over lapse of the percentages in attributed to the fact thatmany people in Japan believe themselves to be both Shinto and Buddhist. .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03 , .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03 .postImageUrl , .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03 , .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03:hover , .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03:visited , .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03:active { border:0!important; } .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03:active , .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03 .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u479f35eca5839003f748096199ab0c03:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: RUSSIAN NUCLEAR EXPERTS WROTE REPORT FOR U.S. EssayThere are many different religions that have spread throughout Japan. Someof these include: Confucianism, Christianity and Islam. Confucianism is oneof the three main Japanese religions and originated from China. The greatphilosopher Confucius (Kong Fu Zi) lived in China from 551 to 479 BC. Theinfluence that Confucianism has had on Japan has been massive and is veryevident today. Today, about one to two million Japanese are Christians (about 1% ofJapans population). Most of them live in Western Japan where themissionaries activities were greatest during the 16th century. ManyChristian rituals have been adopted into the every day lives of theJapanese such as: white dresses at weddings, St. Valentines Day and alsoChristmas. Islams relation with Japan is quite recent as compared to those with othercountries around the world. There are no clear records of any contact between Islam and Japan nor anyhistorical traces of Islams coming into Japan through religiouspropagation of any sort except for some isolated cases of contact betweenindividual Japanese and Muslims of other countries before 1868. Timeline Overview646 AD The Taiks Reform began. It set up a central governmentcontrolled by theemperor. 858 The Fujiwara family gained control of the imperial court. 1192 Yoritomo became the first Shogun. 1543 Portuguese sailors became the first Europeans to reach Japan. 1603 The Tokugawa family began its more then 250-year rule of Japan. 1630s Japan cut its ties with the outside world. 1853-54 Commodore Matthew C. Perry of the United States visitedJapan and opened two ports to U.S. trade. 1867 The Tokugawa family was overthrown and the emperor regained histraditional powers. 1868 Mutsuhito, also know as Emperor Meiji, announced Japansintention to become a modern industrial nation. 1894-95 Japan quickly won a war with China.

Race in America Revision an Example of the Topic History Essays by

Race in America Revision Introduction Need essay sample on "Race in America Revision" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed America's history of prejudice, racial conflict and segregation shaped the status of race relation in America today. The discrimination netted towards the blacks in the slave era contributed greatly to the relations between the black and white American and could have served to determine the current problems that mark their economic and social life. Segregation was so much a part of the African American that it almost became a part of his culture too. The feeling of inferiority to the white race is not something that can be wiped out easily. While most whites are for the opinion that most of the problems resulting from social intolerance have been solved with time, most colored people on the other hand support the claim that racism has never actually stopped but has only changed faces. The gap in perception is a result of the different forms of life that the two groups are exposed to. Blacks experience more violence in their daily encounters than do whites and the fear of violence is therefore not easy to erase from their minds. The American society is still characterised by stereotypes such as blacks being less intelligent than whites, or blacks being inferior and since most people are exposed to such stereotypes in their childhood, they grow up with the attitude. As a result whites will continue to live with denial that racism exists and that it is exaggerated while the colored continue to advocate for the abolition of racism. University Students Very Often Tell EssayLab professionals: How much do I have to pay someone to write my assignment online? Essay writers suggest: Find Your Helping Hand! Race In America The American Civil War fought between 1861-1865 marked a four year period of brutal and bloody warfare in American History. This war sparked by the election of Abraham Lincoln as president, a man who was greatly opposed to slavery. As a result, 11 sates from the South that wished to extend slavery broke away from the Union of American States and elected Jefferson Davis as their president. This posed a threat to the future of America as a union and it was inevitable that a war be fought to preserve this union. This factor and the issue of slavery culminated in the outbreak of the civil war in 1861. During this war, the South lost considerably and as a result slavery was abolished in America but with a very high cost to human life (Hall Simon Hall.). After the war ended, need arose then to amend the constitution so as to accommodate the new freed slaves and this led to a change in the federal and state laws of the time. Three major amendments were made namely, the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendments through which slavery was officially abolished, racially biased restrictions to voting were done away with and all Americans were now entitled to federal legal protection irrespective of their racial background. The freed slaves now were privileged to enjoy a kind of life that their brothers had earlier only dreamed of. The blacks could now vote, had the privilege of holding office and their children could now attend school. But freedom was not easy to come by for the African Americans especially in the South. During the reconstruction, the whites in the South designed some laws known as the black codes, which were aimed at reducing the opportunities that the blacks had received upon being freed. Free blacks were now entitled to taxation and they could not enjoy the privilege of either owning guns or even renting property. However in the year 1875, a new act that would favour the blacks was enacted in the American Constitution and it stated that all persons within the United States had equal rights. President Lincoln in his efforts to make life easier for the blacks established the Freedman's Bureau, a federal agency aimed at supporting the freed slaves from the south to get out of their eco nomic suppression. This gave new strength to the black struggle against racial discrimination. After the reconstruction ended, the rights granted during the Reconstruction took a downhill trend and several laws passed by the Supreme Court overturned the legislation that had been introduced during the reconstruction. A supreme courts ruling in the Plessy v Ferguson suit in 1876 for example gave a leeway for racial discrimination against blacks where the south passed laws that restricted African Americans access to schools, hospitals, restaurants and other social amenities. Public utilities were divided into separate and unequal sectors to serve the whites and blacks and the freed slaves could no longer mingle freely with the whites. Voting laws were made very difficult and the African Americans in the South could not elect a representative to the congress meaning that they also had no participation in the justice and law enforcement systems. The blacks reacted by strongly rejecting the regime and they started to voice their grievances through a succession of lawsuits secretly funded by Booker.T. Washington that was aimed at addressing the political, social and economic issues that affected the black population. He also organised how these lawsuits would be funded. A movement to press for civil rights was born among the black community but any attempts by the African Americans to defy these laws or air their grievances was met by widespread violence against them by such groups as the Ku Klan (KKK) that advocated supremacy of the white race. This group lynched and terrorised the blacks with no legal action being taken against them (http://www.teacheroz.com/reconstruction.htm). In the early days after the reconstruction, state governments engaged in a legal process of drawing up new constitutions that favoured the black people. New democratic reforms such as free public education were introduced in the south. Blacks could also now elect officials into the government, legislatures and the U.S Congress. Though the African Americans had been freed from slavery through am amendment in the constitution, the issue of their colour however continued to enslave the. The federal governments move to grant voting rights to African Americans and the fact that they could now enjoy all rights brought a lot of conflict between the North and the South. The Southern whites still desired to continue the exploitation of blacks and the issue of social equality became an issue in society worse than slavery itself. In the southern society, it became a norm to be associated with blacks and anyone trying to do so was subjected to a lot of psychological torture. These southerners immediately moved in and enacted some laws whose main objective was to put the blacks back to slavery. Labour would now become legal in such a way that any black that left his work to go and seek for better pay would be arrested and charged with vagrancy. Democratic legislators belonging to the white community also introduced new rules that suppressed voter registration for the black community and complicated rules for election. Because state legislators were now under the control of the whites, they went on to pass new type of laws known as the Jim Crow Laws that made segregation in all public a requirement. This marked the beginning of the nadir of American race relations. Also affected by these laws were poor whites who, together with the African Americans were completely shut out from the political process and left without any representation whatsoever. For a period of about 60 years, blacks were to live under the oppression of these white laws (McPherson J. M.). Blacks were not ready to give in to these types of oppression and the war for freedom continued. They reacted by openly protesting against these new rules of segregation through strikes and boycotts some of which could go on for several months. The African Americans were determined to get rid of the Jim Crow laws at all cost. They reacted by staging in protests against the new rules of segregation through non-violent resistance known as civil disobedience, which involved widespread strikes, and boycotts that could extend even to a period of two years. These protests however triggered a reaction from the whites that resulted in race riots such as the Elaine Race Riot of 1919, which attracted international attention due to its widespread mob violence and, high number of fatalities. Another notable race riot was the Tulsa Race Riot that was characterised by massive destruction of property and several injuries. (Alexander William T.). African Americans also came up with several other strategies that could bring about social and political development and a period that was marked by extensive legal wars began and this led to the formation of such movements as the Universal Negro Improvement Association under Marcus Garvey that aimed at stressing the importance of culture to the black people. Several cultural activities led to the Harlem Renaissance. The National Association for the Advancement of collared People (NAACP) and other organisations were also founded at this time. These organisations subjected sate-sponsored segregation to massive legal assault. Marcus Garvey's (UNIA) however pointed to the opposite direction of other civil rights organisations as NACCP and just as fast as it had gathered support, it collapsed but having inspired other movements like Father Divine and the Nation of Islam. Massive political rallies like the March On Washington that was organised to press for employment and freedom marked t his era (Hall Simon Hall). In the period between 1900 and 1949, the civil rights movement was engaged in various activities. Abolitionists from the North began intervening on behalf of the blacks arguing that their loyalty in fighting for the union helped greatly in keeping it together. Movements were set up in the North that included churches and other organisations that began to give basic education to the blacks and poor whites. Training for black teachers began and through the Freedman's Bureau the first black schools were established. Majority of blacks now had become literate and on July 11, 1901, the first interracial meeting towards civil rights was held under the umbrella Niagara Movement. 1909 saw the birth of another movement that would become a power to reckon with in the racial struggle, the NAACP. The period between 1910-1940 goes down in the history of America as a time of the Great Migration. African Americans in an open resistance to the oppression in the south massively moved to the north and Midwest in search of employment, better education for their children and also the opportunity to vote. But in 1915, President Woodrow Wilson came to power with a new order. Physical re-segregation of employment and work places was enacted after 50 years in which facilities had been integrated. This acted as a trigger of more fire in the fight against racial segregation. 1954, the supreme court of the United States in the Brown V. Board of Education suit gave a verdict against the doctrine of separate but equal in education. After this ruling, it was evident that the state could no longer create laws that affected only one class, the second class and the aspect of equality was as clear to everyone as it could have been. This served as a major turning point in the civil rights struggle but sparked increased resistance by the whites in the south. Segregation continued in buses and other means of public transport. Between 1940-1970 the great migration continued and the reform movements advocating against discrimination as well as political struggles became very widespread. Between 1955-1968, the Black Power Movement expanded the aims of the Civil Rights movement. The struggle was now included but was not limited to the fight for racial dignity, freedom from white rule as well as the desire to attain political and economic self-sufficiency. This was a period marked by widespread civil disobedience that led to situations of crisis between state authorities and protestors. These included boycotts such as the Selma to Montgomery marches in Albama in 1965 and the Birmingham campaigns, that organised sit-ins, a march to the county building to press for voter registration as well as kneel-ins at local churches. Participation in these activities was organised by churches and community centres through mobilisation of volunteers. Prominent figures in the Civil Rights struggle during this time were such as Malcom X, W.E.B. Dubois and Martin Luther King Jr. Through such people, blacks were charged up to move on with the struggle but to result to the least violent methods in achieving such a cause. Martin Luther King Jr is remembered for organising people into non-violent protests such as the March on Washington. Even though he was assassinated in 1968, the march continued and the Civil Rights Movement grew even stronger. (R.H.Cox ). But the civil rights struggle was far from being won. Though the blacks now enjoyed a lot of social amenities, there was the issue of their colour that continued to subject them to widespread racism and hatred by the whites. Racism spread to include not only blacks, but also poor white and Asians as well as other races that had migrated to America. (Hall Simon Hall,). Over the spun of time, it has become evident that racism is not about to end and different faces of the scourge have been manifesting themselves in the American society. America has continually been characterised by civil suits such as the O.J Simpson civil trial that have revealed new evidence that the American justice system could still be racially biased. Acts of brutality by the police against blacks continue to be good evidence that racism is far from over. Police brutality against Rodney King for example and the subsequent racial unrest that led to rioting in Los Angeles and other U.S cities only stand to support the argument that racism is not about facilities but it is a disease deep within man that is very difficult to heal (Lewis D L, Eagles C W.) Reflection Racism in the early 20th Century was largely about the relationship between the whites and the blacks. Today, the face of racism has changed to have a multicultural and multicoloured aspect. America has been characterised by massive immigration of communities of diverse cultural origins who have over a period of time established their own communities. This has led to widespread racism as it now involves hostility between several cultures (Hall Simon Hall,). Many efforts have been made to combat the racist issue in America but even with every visible effort to make progress, the country still faces serious setbacks in its pace towards genuine reconciliation of the racist issue. From the onset of the 21st century, the federal government has been making several attempts to bring change in the American society with the establishment of legislative laws and memoranda that rule against any form of discrimination. Affirmative action has also been used in an attempt to balance people's rights to equal employment opportunities, housing and other aspects of provision in society. The media has been widely used in spreading propaganda about the evils and negativity of racism (Shiao Jiannbin Lee). But there is one simple fact that legislation can only be done on paper and never in the hearts of men and it is because of this that society has cunningly continued to hold separate views about different races. Ancient barriers that have marked the history of racism continue to have a strong place in men's hearts dividing the society into those that welcome change and those that continue to resist it. Man's uncontrolled desire to control power, the economy and cultural superiority continue to derail the fight against racism. The issue of African American and white conflicts continues to be a part of America's history and racism is still a very sensitive issue in American society today. Unless change comes from within the hearts of men, racism will still continue to be part of today's society (Alexander William T.) How the problem of race can be dealt with in present day American Society is a suggestion that anyone would want to hear. Diversity of culture seems to have led to a new face of racism probably different from what anti-racists have been fighting about. Only time will tell how well this fight against racism can be achieved. Works Cited Alexander William T.History of the Colored Race in America Heritage Books Published 2007 Dixon Leon , Hynes Gerald, and Nelson Carolyn Gaines A Black Perspective of American History Part Eight: Post Civil War/Reconstruction CIVIL WAR RECONSTRUCTION, RACISM, THE KKK, & THE CONFEDERATE "LOST CAUSE" Updated June 8, 2002 http://www.teacheroz.com/reconstruction.htm Revisited April 25 2008 Lewis David L, Eagles Charles W. The Civil Rights Movement in America: Essays Univ. Press of Mississippi McPherson James M. Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War (2003) Oxford University Press US Richardson Heather Cox West from Appomattox: The Reconstruction of America After the Civil War (2007) Yale University Press Reggie Finlayson We Shall Overcome: The History of the American Civil Rights Movement (2003) Twenty-First CenturyBooks

Ghosts, Superstitions, and The Supernatural essays

Ghosts, Superstitions, and The Supernatural essays Ghosts, Superstitions, and The Supernatural Late at night, a couple leaves the movie theater and head home. While driving, everything seems fine and normal for the both of them. All of a sudden, they end up driving on a road along the way that is isolated and known for strange happenings. The occurrences that happen for this couple thereafter spell doom for their lives since they never believed in any mumbo-jumbo like ghosts and superstitions. The stories told about this road are believed to involve a hitchhiker that appears out of nowhere. The hitchhiker appears to look normal except for the hood that it wears over its head. The story goes on to state that when this hitchhiker is approached and picked up, the driver of the car then realizes that the person has no head when they look in their rearview mirror. When the realization occurs, nothing deadly happens, but the ghost disappears and a curse is put upon them and their car. What has happened to this couple that night? What on earth did they approach alon! g the road? Was it really a hitchhiker playing a trick on them or was it really some type of supernatural being that is known to bring turmoil into peoples lives? The story then goes on to describe that this couple has not been seen since that night and clues or evidence cannot be found of their whereabouts. ...

How to Find Writing Assignments As a New Freelance Writer

How to Find Writing Assignments As a New Freelance Writer Any person who decides on a freelance writing career has to start at the beginning. I mean starting out with no clips of their work, no endorsements, and an uncertainty of where they are going to find an offer to write. I’m sure you have read many stories about new writers dealing with questionable companies and websites that offer ridiculously low sums of money. How then should you go about getting those great first assignments? I started out like everyone else with no previous articles and was basically unknown when I was offered my first writing job. And I didn’t look for the job . . . the company came to me. I started out writing a blog and making sure that several social media sites saw my work. I linked my articles to Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, and many other social websites. The goal was to place each article where it made the most sense. If I wrote a parenting topic, Mommy Bloggers got a link. If I wrote about blogging itself, there were a few blogging groups on LinkedIn that would see my article.   In fact, it was because of those articles on Linkedin that I landed my first job. A company saw what I was writing on a LinkedIn group, saw how people in the group were interacting with what I wrote, and decided I would be a good fit for them. They asked me to write a 300-500-word article on a financial topic. My very first assignment, and it landed $65 in my pocket. I had no clips. I hadn’t even been a guest writer on another website. Of course that might just be considered a lucky break.   What should you do if you aren’t being approached Once you have been writing and sending out articles for a while, your next step is to ask for the job. All of that social networking hopefully has created a strong following of readers. Take the time to write to these readers and ask if you can be of assistance to them. Look through your Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn  contacts and take a look at the company they work for and what their job title is.   If they seem to be a decision maker, who might hire the freelance writer and more importantly, need a freelance writer, I email them. I let them know what I feel I could do for their company. Suggest writing blog articles or a press release for the company. Make sure your offer makes sense to the person you write to. If you have knowledge about finance and you are writing to a financial company, tell them what your background is and why you would be a great choice for writing their articles. Personally network with people in your community. Join your local Chamber of Commerce, the PTA or even a writing group through Meetup. You never know who has a need for your skills or who might have great advice where to seek a job. Finally, if you feel more comfortable starting your career Writing Sites: Mediabistro.com Indeed.com Journalism Jobs.com Freelance Writing Gigs.com Skyword.com Elance.com Writer Access.com Problogger.com BloggingPro.com FlexJobs.com iWriter.com Jobrapido.com oDesk.com I hope the information provided helps you out in your own career.

The 21st century obsession Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The 21st century obsession - Essay Example To underline the importance of the social networks and media, we need to look at the instrumental role they played in the Egyptian revolution earlier this year (Douglas). With integrated features, social networking sites offer different ways to personalize ways in which individual share. However, while the benefits of the social networks cannot be overemphasized, there are many dangers associated with their use. Such dangers bring a conflict arising from the use of too much of these social networks. This danger is akin to the current situation in the country and globally involving an obsession of the nation by these sites. In addition, the danger is further compounded by the conflict in determining the extent to which one should use the social networks. In this regard, this expose elucidates the issues that conflict the use of the social networks while addressing the history behind the social network. According to Boyd and Ellison, social networking sites are web-based platforms that allowed individuals to construct a profile based on the privacy levels they wished to have and create lists based on their interests in order to communicate effectively. Social networking sites draw their history from computer networking (Bold and Ellison). In this regard, early online services such as Usenet and the bulletin boards that we are all aware of were crucial in the efforts to create the social networking sites. However, integration of social networking sites on the World Wide Web earnestly started taking the nature of communities based on the online platforms. In this regard, these platforms were a tool that enabled people to come together and interact through chat rooms. In addition, the platforms allowed the online communities to come together and share information while communicating (Cotriss). From this point, the technology that enabled the current

Cultural diversity research paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Cultural diversity research paper - Essay Example This has resulted mainly due to a lot of pressure under exerted by the human rights activist under the Howard Government in the past decade. The multicultural policy also results due to general repercussion against liberal social movements surrounding groups such as the native people, feminist, ecologists and trade unionist over the decades. Due to such advocacy, the Australian environment has witnessed a shift of governance and policy conceptualization from quasi-pluralist model of ethnic governance to civic nationalist steered by the leadership of Howard government. Australia Multicultural Population Australia has a unique population in that 25% of them were born oversees and 43% of the national population are either born oversees or have one parent born oversees making it a country of multicultural population (Skywirk, 2013). In addition, this has been witnessed since 1945 due to the planned immigration programs, which have resulted into 6million people coming to Australia from ov er 150 countries in the globe (Skwirk, 2013). People wishing to migrate to Australia will not be denied entry based on race, ethnicity, religion or gender since selection of immigrants has been non-discriminatory over the years (Dunn & Forrest, 2006). This diversity in Majority of the Australia Immigrants are from the U.K, which represent over a million immigrants since 1970s to date. The immigration program of Australia and the multicultural policy is accommodative since it also tolerates the religious diversity by allowing populations from diverse religious backgrounds. In addition, the religious diverse groups are represented by the people from turkey, Lebanon and India who are equally welcomed in Australia. By 1980s, the Australian population was so diverse that it contained people from Vietnam, Philippines, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Cambodia and china, both in significant numbers making it a country of all races (Australia Government, 2013). The official language in Australia is Eng lish but there are over 200 languages from different communities including the 48 languages from the indigenous people hence about 16% speak other languages other than English. The Asian countries form the largest chunk of Australian immigrants representing 7% of the Australian overall population (Skwirk, 2013). Most of these are Chinese and Vietnamese representing the fifth and the fourth largest population in Australia respectively. By 1901, the Immigration Restriction Act restricted most of the early immigrant groups leading to fewer populations of immigrants during that period and this was before the realization that immigration is crucial for the social and the economic future of Australia. Australian multicultural policy principles (Australian Government, 2013) Principle 1: Due to the diversity of the Australian population in terms of both ethnicity/race and religion, it makes it a multicultural nation with more vibrant and creative ideologies, which helps in nation building. An enduring theme of Australian multicultural policy is that everyone belongs and enjoys all the benefits that come with the rich diversity. Moreover, the Austrians celebrate the diversity and recognize that the expression of diversity is embedded within their

The Idea of Free

The Idea of Freedom to the Colonial America Essay Introduction Colonial America never had experienced freedom to its fullest implication from the beginning of their settlement in America. This could be perhaps understandable in the sense that back in England where many of these settlers came from, the expression of freedom had been so limited too. They have no freedom to express their political views nor did they have freedom of religion. The reigning monarchs James I (1603-25) and Charles (1625-49) established a series of â€Å"increasingly repressive laws against the few remaining Catholics and the growing numbers of Protestants in England† [1]These laws triggered religious persecution that drove many people to migrate to America to escape such repressive laws and the resulting religious persecution. The restriction of religious freedom was also imposed in the colonial America although there had been minor enhancement on its implication to the people. The ideas of freedom during the colonial America varies and was religious in nature but was quite vague in a sense that they implement strict laws and imposed very harsh punishment for violations where freedom was restricted. Based on the lecture of Zaheer Ali (September 10, 2008), America was inhabited by Asian Migrant between 16,000-14,000 B.C. particularly North[2] America (. These migrants undoubtedly had enjoyed unaltered freedom for very long period of time as they may have been undisturbed by the repressive or colonial laws experienced by the colonial America. They can do all they want with out fear of getting apprehended for violating restrictive laws. For the colonial America however, the idea of freedom varied and this was partly due to their diversity of ethnic origin. The Lutheran immigrant from Germany for example carried with them their notions of freedom as â€Å"the potential for philanthropic service to God and fellow humans,†[3] So as did the Puritans from England. This implies the absence of religious persecution in which the individual was persecuted on account of his or her faith. The idea about freedom of the Lutherans from western Germany, in contrast with the notion above, held freedom as â€Å"liberation from external coercion, alongside the promotion of inner godliness.†[4] While the first notion was purely religious, the context of this idea sounds a socio-religious which could be referring to the oppressive laws directed against Protestants and other non Catholic faiths. However, these German American ideas of freedom had evolved during the time of American Revolution. Freedom now includes the protection of property, which means that freedom was not only about serving God and fellow human freely, but also living a secured life with out fear that their properties would be confiscated. But for the Immigrants from England, and other Catholic countries, the idea of freedom was associated to freedom to exercise religion. George Kurian, Jeffrey D. Schultz, John G. West, and Ian S. Maclean pointed out that â€Å"the Pilgrims and Puritans came for religious freedom that chiefly meant freedom to practice their religious convictions without constraint from the English authorities.†[5] During this period, the concept of freedom was very narrow and specific in a sense that it only referred to one particular subject. Furthermore, their ideas were quite vague because while they held that freedom was associated to freedom to exercise religion, anyone who would exhibit different expression of faith even from their own ranks, would be severely punished, usually with death. This was the case in Massachusetts in 1659 and 1661 in which according to George Kurian et, al. â€Å"Quakers were outlawed and punished—four were even hanged†[6] for proclaiming â€Å"a different version of Christian faith.†[7] This was also the case of Roger Williams which was banished from Massachusetts in 1636. Kurian et, al. stated that William was intensely devout and was one of the â€Å"first to grasp the idea of religious freedom in the sense that we mean it today.†[8] Thus, the notion of freedom during the colonial America, though linked to freedom to exercise religion, does not actually have any room for tolerating different version of exercising their faith or religious practices, other than the prescribed manner, or to tolerate any other religion which was the true meaning of freedom of religion. The Puritans’ idea of freedom were also grounded on religion. Sheldon Hackney stated that for the Puritans in seventeenth-century New England, freedom was â€Å"the ability of their communities to establish a society of their understanding of the Bibl, the kind of Biblical commonwealth they were not permitted to create on Great Britain were the King was the defender of faith and the church of England was the established church†[9] For the Puritans, Freedom was a spiritual thing. It means freedom from enslavement to sin, which could be achieved â€Å"by strict conformity to the will of church and community.†[10] In his speech to the general court in 1645, John Winthrop, leader of the Massachusetts Bay stated, â€Å"On liberty, moral liberty is to be understood in terms of the covenant between God and man, and it is to that only which good, just and honest†¦.This liberty is is maintained and exercised in a way of subjection to authority; it is the same kind of liberty wherewith Christ hath made us free† [11]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   These ideas of freedom of the colonial America were a reflection of the social realities at the time in which religion has been the basis of governance and it encompassed every spheres of the society as well as the everyday life of the individual families. Did everyone experience freedom in the same way?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There is no doubt that the expression of freedom in the context of religion was experienced in the same way through out the colonial America even though some states have different religious ideas. Hackney noted, â€Å"Colonial America in general, was not devoted to religious toleration. Anglican in Virginia had very different religious ideas from the Puritans in New England, but they agreed completely about the need of the society for uniformity of worship.†[12] This same experience of the idea of freedom could be attributed to the fact that the issue of religion as the basis of governance was also the standards of the moral and ethical norms of the society throughout Europe and the Americas. The fact that most of the immigrants had migrated to America to escape religious persecution reflects the same experiences that logically breeds the same feelings in which; their idea of freedom were based.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   All throughout the American colonial period, the ideas of freedom were influenced by the developments in England particularly the set of power. Notable was the rise to the throne of Mary, the protestant daughter of James II and her husband, William of Orange which paved the way for the objective view of religion and government. It was from this period that the evolution of the ideas of freedom to exercise religion began to find a place in the government which later influenced the declaration of independence of the colonial America.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Generally however, the main issue of freedom was freedom to exercise religion between Protestant and Roman Catholics. It means people experiences tyranny, oppression, injustice, and discrimination on account of their religion. These experiences were common among every state in colonial America as religiosity were the basis of the society’s everyday lives. It is the standard of norms of the society and was the basis of justice. However, this is quite vague because the freedom to choose religion was between Protestant and Roman Catholics only and which ever one chose, affects his or her own life socially, physically, and economically. Moreover, the idea of freedom limits to freely exercise either the Puritan or the Lutheran faith in the traditional manner of worship. It means that the individual were not allowed to have personal interpretation of the word God in a way that will suit to his or her situation and needs. It was a freedom to mean only to exercise the Lutheran and the Puritan faith and practice freely. This vague understanding of freedom had led many colonial states to â€Å"abstain voluntarily from asserting a governmental right to control or regulate religious activity within their territories and jurisdiction†[13] This development in the ideas of freedom was experienced all through out America until the birth of the United States because more and more states had recognized that religious freedom was part of the ideology of America, part of the American’s self concept. Thomas Jefferson according to Guinn once stated that freedom is, â€Å"the most inalienable and sacred of all human rights.†[14] This realization of the value of religious freedom had contributed to idea of freedom which we now enjoy. Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The social realities in Europe during the 1700s greatly affected the lives of people everywhere. The religious conflict between Protestant and Roman Catholics affected not only people of England but also in most part of Europe where the conflicts were intense. These realities led people to migrate to America.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   At first glance, all we can see are the ugly, realities but looking objectively, those ugly realities paved the way for a more meaningful concept of freedom which enabled us to live a more enjoyable and exciting life. It gave our policy makers a more objective understanding and more objective laws that guarantees the individual freedom not only to practice religion but also to express views on governments or to criticize what one perceive to be wrong as long as he or she does not violate the law. Today, we are benefiting from the equal implementation, equal, purpose, and equal meaning of the law regardless of race, sex, color, religion, and ethnic origin, as our laws guarantee not only our freedom, but also our peaceful existence, our rights, and the security of our properties and most all our future. Bibliography Ali, Zaheer â€Å"The American Experience† (Lecture, September 10, 2008). Fahlbusch, Erwin; Bromiley, Geoffrey William; Barrett, David B. The Encyclopedia of Christianity USA: Wm. B. Eerdsmans Publishing, 1999 Guin, David Faith in Trial USA: Lexington Books, 2006 Hackney,   Sheldon Magnolias Without Moonlight USA: Transaction Publisher, 2005 Kurian, George; Schultz, Jeffrey D.; West, John G. Maclean, Ian Encyclopedia of religion in American Politics USA: Greenwood Publishing, 1999 Noll, Mark A. America’s God New York: Oxford University Press, 2005 [1] Erwin Fahlbusch, Geoffrey William Bromiley, David B. Barrett, The Encyclopedia of Christianity USA: Wm. B. Eerdsmans Publishing, 1999, p. [2] Zaheer Ali â€Å"The American Experience† (Lecture, September 10, 2008). [3] Mark A. Noll, America’s God New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 116 [4] Noll, p. 116 [5] George Kurian, Jeffrey D. Schultz, John G. West, Ian Maclean Encyclopedia of religion in American Politics USA: Greenwood Publishing, 1999, p. 59. [6] Kurian et, al, p. 59 [7] Ibid [8] Ibid [9] Sheldon Hackney Magnolias Without Moonlight USA: Transaction Publisher, 2005, p. 126. [10] Hackney, p. 126 [11] Ibid [12] Ibid [13] David Guin Faith in Trial USA: Lexington Books, 2006, p.25 [14] Ibid

Comparing the Poetry of Lanston Hughes and Countee Cullen Essay

Comparing the Poetry of Lanston Hughes and Countee Cullen Upon first glance the differences between Hughes and Cullen seem very clear. Hughes writes in rhythm, while Cullens writes in rhyme, but those are just the stylistic differences. Hughes and Cullen may write poems in a different style but they both write about similar themes. The time they wrote in was during the Harlem Renaissance, a time period when African Americans were discovering their heritage and trying to become accepted in the once white dominated society. The African Americans had their own cultures and their own style of music and writing but they wanted everyone to know they were still human, that they were still American, even though the differences in color were apparent. During this era African Americans were facing the challenges of accepting their heritage or ignoring outright to claim a different lifestyle for their day to day lives. Hughes and Cullen wrote poems that seemed to describe themselves, or African Americans, who had accepted their African Heritage and who also wanted to be a part of American heritage as well. These are some of the things they have in common, as well as what is different about them based on appearance, now I shall focus on each author individually and talk about how they are different afterwards. Lanston Hughes focuses more on rhythm then on rhyme, for example, the poem "The Weary Blues" reads like a blues song, which is what the poem is about. "Mother to Son" is a conversation a mother has to a child about what era life has been, and that no matter how hard life may seem, one should never give up climbing the "stairs". The poem seems to shift from good English to Black English and then back again, which to me shows... ... different authors from two different ways of life could write poems in different styles about the same topics. Hughes with his blues infused poems and Cullen's with his "Negro spirit and Christian upbringing" (Ferguson), both of these men inspired hundreds of people and their work can still make an impact on those that read it. It sure did for me. I recommend these poems to anyone, and I hope that everyone can enjoy and appreciate them as much as I have. Works Cited Tracy, Steven C. Langston Hughes & The Blues. Illinois, 1988. Ferguson, Blanche E. Countee Cullen and the Negro Renaissance. New York, 1066 About Countee Cullen's Life. 21 Mar. 2001. Modern American Poetry. 11 Nov. 2003 http://www.poets.org/poets/poets.cfm?prmID=84 Langston Hughes. Apr 3, 2002. Poets.org 11 Nov. 2003 http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/a_f/cullen/life.htm

Personailty Disorders in the Workplace

People with personality disorders characteristic tend to have chronic inflexible styles of perceiving themselves, and interacting with others varies. (Ward, 2004) Personality disorders are typically some of the most challenging mental disorders to treat, because they are part of an individual and their self-perception. Treatment according to Ward, (2004), most often focuses on increasing coping skills, and interpersonal relationship skills. This paper will discuss a few of these disorders, such as Antisocial Personality, Borderline Personality disorders, and Insomnia.I will attempt to describe the various disorders and how they affect employer/employees in the workplace. We will look at the symptom logy observed by co-workers and/or supervisors for those with the different disorders. I will provide similarities and difference in how supervisors or co-workers would intervene with people with these disorders. The end result will be to provide appropriate organizational intervention str ategies for those living with these disorders. Antisocial Personality Disorders (APD) According to (Babiak, and Hare. 2006).Personality disorder behavior, is like a disease, is antiquity, and nothing about it changes. Antisocial personality disorder (APD) is one of the disorders describe in the Psychopath in the Workplace: A Cautionary Tale, written by Paul Babiak and Robert D. Hare. The authors describe how a common misconception is that antisocial disorder refers to people who have poor social skills. On the contrary, the opposite is often the case, instead, APD is characterized by a lack of conscience people with this disorder are prone to criminal behavior, believing that their victims are weak and deserving of being taken advantage of. Babiak, and Hare, 2006) Antisocial tend to lie and steal according to the authors. Often, they are careless with money and take action without thinking about consequences. They can sometimes become aggressive and are much more concerned with thei r own needs then the needs of others. â€Å"They may appear to be superior. † Candidates for business leadership position and many of them rise to the positions of power and influence in business community. † (p. 2) The authors express how a socially facile psychopath may expertly deceive the average person. Snakes in suits† is the term the authors used to describe an antisocial person. (p. 2)They give descriptive lucid, richly detailed guide for corporate business professionals who are interested in understanding how important and often unrecognized behavior syndrome is acted out in the workplace. They believe this knowledge and information they give in their book Snakes in Suits: When Psychopaths Go To Work is essential if â€Å"socially responsible and ethical individuals are to protect themselves and their organization against ruthless, fraudulent, manipulative behavior. (P. 2. ) It’s imperative that leaders and employees become aware and knowledgeable of this behavior if they are to protect themselves and their resources from exploitation. (Babiak, and Hare, 2006) These individual may appear impressive, because of their motivated ambitiousness, social charm, and self-confidence, yet closer observation of their behavior and inspection of their motives reveals that they posses qualities of ruthless exploitations deceitfulness, pathological lying, and a wiliness to use antisocial and even criminal behavior to achieve their goals. Babiak, and Hare, 2006) According to Babiak, &Hare (2006) the symptoms that antisocial personality disorder display, and should be observed by leaders, and employees are as followed:  ·Disregard for the feelings of others  ·Impulsive and irresponsible decision-making  ·Lack of remorse for harm done to others  ·Lying, stealing, other criminal behavior  ·Disregard for the safety of self and others Borderline Personality Disorders Borderline personality disorders are described by Babiak, & Hare,(200 6), characterized by mood instability and poor self-image.This disorder, according to the authors was named because it was originally thought to be at â€Å"borderline† of psychosis. The disorder is relatively common, affecting 2% of adults. Women are more likely to suffer borderline than men. Nearly 20% of psychiatric hospitalizations are due to this disorder. (Babiak, and Hare 2006) People with this disorder are prone to having mood swings and or bouts of anger. Often taking anger out on themselves, causing pain and injury to their own body. They are suicidal, and think in black and white terms, which often form intense, conflict-ridden relationships.They are quick to anger when their expectations are not met. The symptoms that employers/employees may observe are: Self-injury or attempted suicide Strong feelings of anger, anxiety or depression that last for several hours Impulsive behavior Drugs or alcohol abuse Feelings of low self-worth Unstable relationships with friends , family, and boyfriends/ girlfriends and co-workers Treatment could involve therapy in which the patient learns to talk through his/her feelings rather than unleashing them in destructive and self-defeating ways.Medication may be helpful, and treatment of any alcohol or substance abuse issued should be required. Insomnia We have looked at Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD), and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). However, now I would like to prevent Insomnia, a disorder that is profound and many people suffer everyday because of it. According to authors of Handbook of Mental Health, Insomnia in the workplace is characterized by many different behaviors. People who suffer from insomnia call into work more because they are sick more.Insomnia can have a negative affects on the workplace, reducing the ability of affected employees to maintain adequate productivity and safety on the job, impairing their overall quality of life. (Thomas, and Hensen, 2002 p. 351) People who suffer f rom insomnia are slower to complete assignments and short attention spans. Some people even put themselves and co-workers into dangerous situation if they are driving or working heavy machinery. Treatments for insomnia is commonly bought at most grocery stores. Sleep aid like â€Å"SleepyTime† can be purchased easy to help sleep.However, using medication can cause addiction, and cover up what’s really the problem. Psychological treatment can aid in getting to the â€Å"root† of the problem. (Thomas, & Henson, 2002 p. 358). Durand, & Barlow, (2010), created a list of psychological treatments for insomnia, which are; cognitive, guided imagery relaxation, graduated extension, paradoxical intention, and progressive relaxation. (Durand and Barlow, 2010, p 332) Leaders and employees who need to recognize the symptoms and behavior that an Insomniac may display: Lateness Absent Sleeping on the jobPre occupied Unmotivated Bosses and co-workers who are aware of each other â€Å"normal’ work habits can observe and offer intervention, and resources that can help people with this disorder strive for effective treatment. (Thomas, & Henson , 2002, p. 363). Supervisory Intervention When considering intervention, Employee Assistance Programs (EAP’s) maybe one of the more comprehensive means of addressing psychopath in the workplace. (Thomas, & Hensen, 2004). Organizational leadership can play a tremendous role in the implementation of treatment modalities in the workplace.The members of the Leadership should make as many attempts as needed and possible to maintain and environment with minimal stressors. Leaders and organizations that have the holistic well-being of everyone involved, should implement healthy, well being programs, that are designed to improve productivity for everyone involved. Supervisors must observe, and realize the impact of unhealthy behavior to the organization, like cost, law suits, accidents, violence, and decrease of production and increase in expenses due to sickness / work compensation.Supervisors need to focus and observe behavior respectful approach the situation, without alienating or making the person feel as if gossip or singling out is not the goal. Leaders need to be empathic, and genuinely concern with ones well-being; excellent communication skills and being well informed could enhance the probability of the person with the disorder agree to intervention. EAP programs are designed to address a multitude of issues that plague the workplace. The programs and find alternative resolution, to help elevate stresses that prevent productivity.Furthermore, employees have an obligation to themselves, as well as their employers. Telling someone that a problem exists could save time, money, and mental illnesses. Observing a fellow employee who is having difficulties should be reported to supervisors, and not gossip about amongst fellow employees Subsequently, we all must become responsible for t he healthy well-being of ourselves and find balance in our personal lives, in order to live stress free and well- rounded.References 1) Durand V. M, & Barlow D. H. , (2010) Essential of Abnormal Psychology , Belmont, CA, Wadsworth, Census Learning 2) Hare, R. D, & Newman, C. S. (2006) , Handbook of Pschopathy , New York Gulford Press 3) Illinois Institute for Addiction Recovery, (2005-2009), Proctor Hospital 4) Thomas, J. , & Hensen, M. (2002), Handbook of Mental Health in the Workplace. Thousand Oak, CA: Sage Publication. 5) Ward, K. R. (2004), American Family Physicians, Leawood.

Role of Women in the American Revolution

Role of Women in the American Revolution The role of women played in any given war is quite often severely underestimated. This sentiment especially goes for the American Revolutionary War, where women actually played an absolutely essential role in our victory against the British. Not only where there different types of women who had helped, but there were many different ways each of them helped–particularly as nurses to help save lives and tend to injured soldiers. Without women helping in the war, we would have most certainly lost (National History Education Clearinghouse).One way that women helped out in the war was that they went directly to the source–by dressing up as men and going to fight in the front lines, women (e. g. Deborah Samson) were able to help America emerge victorious (â€Å"People of the Revolution†). Some women fought in a more subtle manner, by keeping house back home and tending to their husband’s businesses while they were at war (Zitek). They boycotted British products by participating in the Homespun Movement, where they wove their own clothing rather than wearing British-imported dresses, which served as a major act of bold defiance.Other women even acted as spies (e. g. Lydia Darragh in 1777, who eavesdropped on quartered British soldiers and relayed their plans of attack to the American patriots) during the war, helping the patriots win. (â€Å"www. revolutionary-war. net†). Different types of women also participated in the Revolutionary War. Patriotic women boycotted against British products, helped care for their husband’s property on the home front, and had even spied on British soldiers (â€Å"www. revolutionary-war. net†).However, loyalist women also played a role in counteracting these efforts. Loyalists as well as patriots acted as spies (e. g. Ann Bates, Miss Jenny) and in general posed as an obstacle for the patriotic women (Buesche). As for Native-Americans, Native-America n women supported the British, as they knew that a patriotic win would result in further westward expansion and further destruction of their homes. African-American women were pushed into the workforce as blacks in general were recognized as a powerful labor-intensive force (Zitek).In addition to all the roles patriotic women played in helping America emerge victorious, one of the biggest methods was nursing. Battle nurses were organized into army ranks, the highest rank having been ‘matron’. Their necessity was so that the ratio for wounded soldiers to nurses was 10:1. Even George Washington himself had found female nurses indispensable–he demanded they be present to help nurse soldiers back to health on and off the battlefield (National History Education Clearinghouse). Overall, women were an integral and vital part of the Revolutionary War.While few fought on the front lines, others helped in more subtle ways that showed rebellion and helped edge the USA towar ds long-awaited victory. Men thought women were incapable of understanding the intricacies of war and were proven incorrect time and time again. Whether through spying, healing, or fighting, without women, Britain most certainly would’ve overpowered America in the Revolutionary War. Citations Buesche, John. â€Å"Spy in a Petticoat. † Teaching History. National History Organization Clearinghouse, n. d. Web. 24 May 2012. Buesche) National History Education Clearinghouse, Browse tech for teachers. N. p. , n. d. Web. 24 May 2012. . (National History Education Clearinghouse) People of the revolution, P.. â€Å"Voices of the American Revolution. † Deborah Sampson. N. p. , n. d. Web. 24 May 2012. . (â€Å"People of the Revolution†) â€Å"Revolutionary War Spies. † www. revolutionary-war. net. Rose Creek Village, 2010. Web. 24 May 2012. . (â€Å"www. revolutionary-war. net†) Zitek, C.. â€Å"Women in the American Revolution. † . N. p. , n. d . Web. 24 May 2012. . (Zitek)

Free Online Public Schools for Michigan Students

Free Online Public Schools for Michigan Students Michigan offers resident students the opportunity to take public school courses online for free. This public school option is for parents who prefer a flexible, home-based environment for their children.  The online schools use certified teachers and follow a curriculum designed to provide the students with an education that equals that of other public school students. Most virtual schools offer full-time and part-time enrollment. The online schools offer core courses similar to the standard courses offered by other programs. They meet all the academic requirements for graduation and for potential admission to colleges. Honors courses and Advanced Placement college-level courses are also available.   All the virtual programs require that students provide a computer and an internet connection. In some cases, the programs provide a computer and an internet allowance to families who cannot afford the equipment. The family is expected to provide a printer,  ink,  and paper. In most cases, online students are free to attend school activities in their district. Several no-cost online schools currently serve grades K-12 in Michigan.   Michigan Free Online Public Schools Highpoint Virtual Academy of Michigan  serves Michigan students in grades K-8. Students are offered the same core courses that are available to students in a brick-and-mortar school. Textbooks and instructional materials are provided for the student. Virtual students are invited to participate in school outings and field trips and other social events. Jenison International Academy is available in West Michigan. Because Jenison is a School of Choice district, any family not residing in the Jenison district can simply apply for non-resident enrollment. JIA is a tuition-free public school serving students in grades K-12.Insight School of Michigan is a full-time only free virtual public school authorized by Central Michigan University. Currently, the Insight School of Michigan offers grades 6-12. Michigan Connections Academy  is a free K-12 virtual charter school. State-certified teachers provide instruction with support from trained counselors and administrative staff.Michigan Great Lakes Virtual Academy  serves students in grades K-12. Parents do not pay tuition for their students to attend an online public school. The academy offers core, comprehensive, honors and AP courses.Michigan Virtual Charter Academy  offers full-time enrollment for grades K-12. Because Michigan Virtual Charter Academy is part of the public school system, there is no charge for the curriculum.   Michigan Virtual School  offers two free classes per academic term at no cost to parents of students in Michigan. Additional courses require payment of a fee.Virtual Learning Academy Consortium serves students in grades K-8. The Virtual Learning Academy Consortium  serves students in Genesee, Lapeer, Livingston, Oakland, Washtenaw and Wayne counties.VLAC also serves students in grades 6-8 in Kala mazoo county. Choosing a Michigan Online Public School When choosing an online public school, look for an established program that is  regionally accredited  and has a track record of success. Be wary of new schools that are disorganized, are unaccredited or have been the subject of public scrutiny. For more suggestions on evaluating virtual schools see  how to choose an online high school. About Online Public Schools Many states now offer tuition-free online schools for resident students under a certain age (often 21). Most virtual schools are charter schools; they receive government funding and are run by  private organizations. Online charter schools are subject to fewer restrictions than traditional schools. However, they are reviewed regularly and must continue to meet state standards. Some states also offer their own online public schools. These virtual programs generally operate from a state office or a school district. Statewide public school programs vary. Some online public schools offer a limited number of remedial or advanced courses not available in brick-and-mortar public school campuses. Others offer full online diploma programs. A few states choose to fund seats for students in private online schools. The number of available seats may be limited and students are usually asked to apply through their public school guidance counselor.

Cover Critique #1 with Mark Ecob

Cover Critique #1 with Mark Ecob Cover Critique #1 with Mark Ecob We are very excited to bring you the highlights from our first  Reedsy Live Chat, which as promised will be a regular feature in the coming months.  Every live chat features one professional from the Reedsy marketplace hosting an interactive session that includes among other things free advice on topics like editing, book design, and marketing.We started things off with our first Cover Critique, a big thanks to the terrific Mark Ecob for an informative session.Mark runs his own design studio  and specialises in book cover design. He has worked with large publishing houses like  Penguin, Little, Brown and Amazon, as well as independents such as Faber and Icon. Since 2012 he has been Associate Art Director for Unbound, the London based crowd-funding publisher.  His work has been recognised three times by the Design Art Directors Association (DAD), and exhibited at the Hay Literary Festival 2012.For those of you who missed it, we've compiled a brief recap. However, we strongl y recommend you watch the videos. And if you want to take part in our next Cover Critique, with Jake Clark, remember to send your covers in advance to covers@reedsy.com.Cover Critique  with Mark Ecob - Part 1Just click on the image below to watch the video!

Business Study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business Study - Assignment Example Swiss Classic draws inspiration from the ancient Swiss culinary which is known as the maker of the best chocolate in the world. The product will come in different shapes and sizes according to the preference of the customer. The Chocolate House will also offer customized packaging which allows the buyers to choose from brown and gold packages. Swiss Classic's price will range from 10 for three small chocolates to 30 for three large ones. Aside from being sold in company-owned retail outlets, Swiss Classic can also be delivered for an additional charge and can be bundled with wine, bouquets and cards when used as gifts. This promotional objective allows the firm to provide value to its customers thereby ensuring the steady inflow of sales. Because the chocolate is popular and widely consumed by the UK market, The Chocolate House's main task is to capture the appropriate niche for its products. Demand creation enables the company and the product Swiss Classic to succeed and even merely survive in the industry. Inadequate demand in the long run will force the company to withdraw and close down. Thus, this objective is pivotal in the survival of the business organization. Creating Image This promotional objective allows the firm to differentiate itself among the numerous competitors in the industry. By occupying a definite position in the customers' minds, The Chocolate House be assured of strong brand equity and recall from its market. The firm will do this by emphasizing on product quality, ensuring freshness through the use of cocoa butter instead of vegetable fat, pricing higher than its competitors, delivering excellent customer service, and designing its outlets as a place for indulgence. Since The Chocolate House is competing through a differentiation strategy, image creation is important in order to stress its uniqueness. The company should always stress what separates it from competitors that customers should patronize its products. If this is not pursued, it might end up being one of the others or worse, it might not be able to win any customer at all. Increasing Sales This promotional objective allows the firm to ensure growth within its market. The Chocolate House will use intensive marketing effort like advertisement and promotions in order to penetrate the UK market and capture higher shares. Through the years, it is the general goal of a firm to grow its market share and consequently its sales. Growth in sales signals the company's efficiency and success in its promotional efforts and overall strategic management. Increasing Profits This promotional objective allows the firm to achieve its goal of maximizing shareholder value. Increasing profits will be ensured through the efficient allocation of promotional budget. The company will also regularly review its pricing strategy in order to ensure maximum profitability. Increasing profits even though not a

Quantative methods report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Quantative methods report - Essay Example of categorical variables 2. The measures of centre includes arithmetic mean, geometric mean, harmonic mean, median and mode where as the measures of spread are given by range, mean deviation, quartile deviation and standard deviation. The measures of shape are skewness and measures of position is kurtosis. 3. Event: Any activity subjected to experiment is called as an event. For example in tossing of an unbiased coin (experiment) the occurrence of head and tail are events. Since in any unbiased coin either head or tail can occur, they put together in a set is known as sample space. The sample space in a coin tossing experiment is S={H,T}. Similarly the sample space in throwing of a die is S={1,2,3,4,5,6}. Marginal probability is a measure of occurrence of an event keeping the occurrence of the other event as constant in jointly occurring events. The probability of joint occurrence of two events either independent or dependent is p(x,y)=pij where i=1 to m; j=1 to n; when x and y are d iscrete or else f(x,y)=fxy where x and y are both continuous. 4. The return is an expected value for an investment involving normal percentage values whereas the risk is the measure of uncertainity usually having a negative impact on return. The risk as per standard norms is 1 and if the value of risk is below 1 it is considered to be less risky and if the value of risk is above 1, it is considered to be highly risky. Suppose the return and risk involved in an investment is given in the following table as Table 2: Sample table indicating nature of investment Investment nature Stocks Bonds Real Estate Probability for investing 0.4 0.25 0.35 Return % 13% 8% 10% Risk 1.2 0.85 1.25 Note: The total investment is 250,000 (say), we can formulate a strategy to maximize the return based on the risk and return involved. Discrete distribution is concerned with the distribution of a variable which is countable or finite. For example in tossing of a die, the outcome is a discrete random variable and its distribution of the outcomes 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 can be described in the form P(X=x)=pi= where x takes any value 1,2,3,4,5 or 6 whereas a continuous random variable takes any value between a range of values (in an interval); for example if the frequency of arrival of a bus is 30 minutes and if we define the waiting time for a bus as a continuous random variable x, then the distribution of waiting time is given by f(x)= 0?x?30 =0 otherwise. 5. The sampling distribution is a distribution of the sample measures where the sample of size n is drawn out of a population of size N. If any random sample of size n is taken from a normal population of size N, then the sample mean is x and the distribution of sample mean is having expected value ? and variance ?2/n. ie. if the population is normal with mean ? and variance ?, then the sample will be having mean  with E()=? and SD is SE()= . The central limit theorem says that if a sample of size n having values x1, x2, x3....... ,xn follows normal distribution with mean ? and v

Policy making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Policy making - Essay Example The country has been trying to resolve and reduce use of fossil fuel. This has led to debates among leaders on invention of a renewable fuel source like ethanol. Scientific criticism is diverse as it focuses on external instrumentalization process of science and technology in economic, political and military spheres. It also focuses on the internal academic structures where questions on social relevance that is grounded on causality and reductionism. Furthermore, solutions about the social problems are also analyzed. A scientific approach like use of ethanol is accepted if the outcomes of the process are ethical: it is less harmful as compared to other fuel sources. Hopes can be drawn to science if the values and the epistemological foundations attached are beneficial to the citizens. For instance, production of corn in U.S has increased from one third to five billion bushels between 1990 to 2010. This is an economic improvement thus earns more profit to the locals. Human activities such as deforestation have negatively affected production of corn. Furthermore, climatic conditions such as drought also affect corn production. Thus, ethanol production from corn is non-renewable; it means that corn production also reduces. This has directly affected the level of ethanol produced. This has led to food shortage in Mexico due to the depleted corn. Furthermore, increase in production of ethanol, leads to pollution and degrades agriculture. This has led to enforcement of environmental policies to curb production of ethanol. In addition, ethanol production is affected by the market trend. Due to the high demand of ethanol, it has forced many ethanol users to participate in the business. This is due to the less environmental effects that ethanol has to the environment. It is also estimated that the price of gasoline is about $0.9 per gallon due to the presence

Study Of Culture And Globalisation Management Essay

Study Of Culture And Globalisation Management Essay Why does culture Matter? Globalisation creates one of the most important achievements in todays world; the ability to trade internationally. Understanding cultural differences will only increase the success of companies going aboard. Each country has different currencies and behaviour norms. When global companies are born the workforce becomes diverse. Cultural understanding is a key part to a successful business. Globalization provides better opportunities to companies investing in a new market. The internationalisation of business has exposed firms to a large range of norms for doing business. This essay will show how Wal-Mart, one of the biggest retail chains, deals with cultural difference when opening its doors to Japans Market. Wal-Mart cannot directly transfer its corporate culture of low-cost, high -bulk model, hugely successful in US, to Japan. Wal-Mart is moving into a completely new market, and as such they must enter the market as a blank canvas. Roger Mark clearly states that in order to have global success, its no longer enough to have a hot new product that will save time, or a novel idea that could revolutionize an industry. You also need to understand the cultural values, behaviour styles, negotiating techniques and business practices of the country where you are doing business. Wal-Mart and Japan have different habits. Wal-Mart is moving more to cutting the middleman and forcing stores to remain open for 24 hours. The Japanese culture is based more on fresh produce and has high demands for perishable goods rather than processed food. The Japanese are known for their high demand of quality goods and high income. Wal-Mart is trying to force their low cost high bulk and low quality products on the Japanese market. The company must wonder if their own corporate culture is enough to solve the problems with diverse cultures. If the company itself does not understand the cultural differences it faces can it reap the benefits? Culture is comprised of both value and norms. Culture is a social interest which clearly identifies people interest, thoughts and behaviours. In order for Wal-Mart to survive they must manage cultural diversity because this is in many stages of the internationalization of the business and in all form of the market entry. When entering a new market the business needs to adapt to the specific taste of local people. Wal-Mart cannot deliver the same layout of stores throughout the world, they must adapt to Japanese culture. According to Kurt Barnard It was a dumb thing for Wal-Mart to do. By not understanding cross-cultural influences and not changing the format of their stores to fit cultural differences, Wal-Mart will be unable to compete in foreign markets. Wal-Mart needs to move away from Ethnocentrism and adopt a Polycentrism approach when entering a new market. Fast franchise like McDonald learned their lesson in India. Today McDonalds has localized its products to suit its consumers taste and to recognise the local culture, t herefore creating regional flavours for particular markets. Culture plays an important part on how global companies operate. Wal-Mart needs to adapt the taste of its host country. If we consider the Japanese culture we can clearly see that their living space is much smaller than the average American house, therefore the high-bulk model will not relate to them. Wal-Mart must understand their behaviour first in order to respect the local culture of Japan. What do Japanese people consider as good quality in service and product? Once Wal-Mart determines this it can use the information to better sales campaigns and business interactions instead of using one approach that they believe works everywhere. The firm must determine the countries norms and values, and therefore have a cross- cultural awareness between the Japanese and American cultures. Japanese culture is based on community, family and being part of large group. This is not the same as the American way of life. Global companies need to know that half of business acquisitions fail because they do not input measures that deal with cultural differences. Wal-Mart acquired a Japanese business. Taking over a Japanese firm is the best way of understanding the culture of the Japanese. Why did this not work to Wal-Marts advantage?Companies must require the knowledge of the local culture and the way of doing things. People respond differently to gestures and signs. One of the issues Wal-Mart faced was language barriers in Japan. Wal-Mart is using English-speaking executives to run a retail operation that heavily depends on a detailed understanding of domestic culture. In Japan Harmony is the key value in Japanese society, so when they communicate with each other they use non-verbal expression. Global companies must understand that languages can influence the business in so m any ways. Language is the most important aspect to the business success because this should unlock local societies. Wal-Mart knew full well that entering markets like Japan through acquisition brings together employees from Seiyu with employees from Wal-Mart who speak different languages. They should have adopted a language that can be related to local people. Ideally the international managers in Wal-Mart should be Bi-multilingual. Most American firms tend to slow down their English rather than study the language of Japan The American companies that have succeeded in Japan have done so by using Japanese executives and allowing a significant amount of autonomy. Wal-Mart however seems to be making the same mistake it did in Germany, relying too much on American executives, and not enough on local control. We can clearly see that all Global Companies are faced with many problems which range from language, pricing and culture collisions because cultural differences shape the use and in terpretation of words. Edward hall drew a useful distinction between low and high context cultures. Many Asian countries are seen as high cost cultures. Japanese culture finds it difficult to say no compared to the Americans who are straight forward. Business needs to be aware that problems will naturally arise when high and low cost culture businesses get together. The model is useful in understanding why different cultures might communicate differently because High context south Asian culture companies differ so widely from their low -context western cultures. When companies go global their main objective should be to handle any difficulties to do with culture because once mistakes are made they are hard to fix. This will only destroy the global company operation in the host country. All corporations must have multicultural awareness because it is a vital aspect to a successful business, and you must know the particular industry you are entering. If you do not do this the success of the business is slim. Wal-Mart must HYPERLINK http://www.filination.com/blog/2009/03/14/china-business-strategy-walmart-chinese-culture/localize and do things the Japanese way by encouraging local branch decision making, building local supplier contracts and using local promotion schemes on the other hand Wal-Mart was more focus on doing things the American Way. Wal-Mart did not consider the taste of Japanese people. HYPERLINK http://www.filination.com/blog/2009/03/14/china-business-strategy-walmart-chinese-culture/National culture has a powerful influence on peoples interpretations, understandings, and assessments of those with whom they work-Cultural values can affect decision making, managerial style, interpersonal trust, teamwork, and the role of women in the workplace, among other issues. In order to have successful entry Wal-Mart needed to collect correct and accurate information. Managers in Wal-Mart should undertake An intercultural training course such as Managing Inter national Teams or Managing International Mergers and Acquisitions will give international managers involved in a merger or acquisition the insights they need to develop an effective working culture that plays to the strengths of their multicultural teams and maximises the cultural benefits of their companys acquisition. Japanese Culture is completely different to the Wal-Mart American culture. Cultural dimensions can provide details allowing global companies to deliver the best cultural system with a great outcome. Identifying the main cultural dimensions groups through attitude, values and norms can influence companies success. Geert Hofstede (1984) clearly stated that culture is the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one human group from another. Wal-Mart adopted a management style that did not sit well with the Japanese people. Wal-Mart persuaded Seiyus management in 2004 to dismiss 25% of headquarters staff, including 1,500 employees and managers. That kind of mass firing happens rarely in Japan, which places a premium on social harmony. And when the firing is done at the behest of foreigners, it takes on added negative connotations. Wal-Mart should determine the cultural attitudes of the employees. Research shows how national culture can also affect the workfo rce in an organisation. Wal-Mart did not use the Greenfield Investment, which involved entering a country without a partner from the host country. Wal-Mart did the opposite so it should be fully aware of the effect of the Japanese culture. It is up to the managers in a corporation to understand culture. Hofstedes research looks for sub cultural and regional differences, industry differences and differences arising from the organisational culture. Power distances generally mean people will accept unequal distribution of powers. In the Case of Wal-Mart you can see that it is more homogeneous compared to Japan, therefore they need togive more power to local managers and their supplier-network. Japanese power distances are lower so Management should decentralise. Americans do not accept power distances so the American workers in Wal-Mart at the Japanese branch should input empowering systems. Japanese hold harmony as a social ideal, patience as a personal virtue, and hierarchy as an ess ential organizing principle. Americans, in contrast, hold freedom as a social ideal, action-orientation as a personal virtue, and equality as a fundamental organizing principle. We have seen that the Hostede model such as individualism versus collectivism and feminine versus masculinity help categorize as well as identify cultural differences. If we take individualism versus collectivism you will know that Americans are more independent and have self -determination compared to Japan where the workforce work in groups. In order to solve this issue Wal-Mart should develop group goals and policies that relieve stress. The Japanese people also believe power should be controlled by society, even though this model does not present detailed analyses of individual cultures. This useful research shows the role of cultural differences which is useful for international management. These are challenges many managers will face in todays global markets because not managing culture effectively can stop growth as well as production. The use of the concepts of cultural dimensions such as those of Hostede and Trompanear provide the means to construct cultural clusters of countries or subcultures within and across countries. These clusters can be used to identify areas which need development in order to reduce problems caused by cultural differences. For example advertising can use this model to make adverts relative to certain cultural dimensions. Wal-Mart needs this because once Seiyu was taken over it became a whole new store. Yes Wal-Mart provided low cost products but the high quality products that the Japanese are used to disappeared. Wal-Mart should clearly see how different their culture is compared to Japanese. The bad thing about these models is that they assume that culture does not change and they develop serotypes. The cultural theorists base their research on the management of the company rather than the national culture. Wal-Mart must show consideration and care in dealing with cultural differences both inside and outside the organisation. Japanese people are willing to pay top prices for goods of high quality. Wal-Mart should ensure that their global company service as well as product meets the standards of the people living there. Care must take place amongst managers regarding the relationship between the home and host country in terms of working practices. Firms need to be sensitive to culture because if they dont it can cause failed joint ventures as well as misunderstandings. Their cultural differences need to be respected across borders. Employees in the organisation must be aware of norms and the general customs when entering the host country. Businesses need to understand the impact that cultural differences have on the career progression of their employees and on communication and decision-making, Firms can solve the problems of cultural difference by engaging in cross- cultural training. S ome researchers have stated that Wal-Mart is way behind the knowledge of the locals taste. One of the reasons that failed Wal-Mart internationally is when it attempt to transport the companys unique culture and retailing concept to each new country. Gilman (2004) asserts that in Wal-Mart overseas expansion, it has been trying hard to launch the supercenter concept, therefore the corporate culture does not match the national culture. Understanding cultural difference allows managers to develop policies to manage cross cultural activities. In this essay we have seen that internationalisation of a business has exposed the business to different norms when crossing cultural borders because more firms move away and enter new markets. A comparison between National cultures is important. We have seen the clash in the national cultures between countries as well as the corporate culture. We can clearly see that how culture plays an important role in the success of a global company. The theory clearly compares how companies like Wal-Mart try to impose the same norms on all its foreign markets. The approaches to solving cultural differences clearly assume that firms will be given advantages. Culture should be the heart of the organisation because we can clearly see that it determines the success or failure of the firm. It is up to the employees in the organisation who exist within the corporate culture to understand the outside environment culture because we must see culture as ever changing. In order to solve the problem with c ulture we must learn to adapt. The company needs strategy development in order to overcome the hurdles caused by cultural differences. We can clearly see that every country and region has their own culture; therefore global companies must have a good understanding. Culture is clearly the way of life for people so it is only natural that companies leave their ethnocentric culture where they basically see only their own culture rather than the Polycentric culture. This creates conflict as we have seen in both corporate cultures as well as national culture. In order to overcome such problems global companies need to acknowledge the diverse culture around them. No more assumption and judgment because people learn culture through what they are taught. It is only natural for global companies to put in effect strategies allowing them to adapt to the cultural changes. If we take the company Coca Cola strategy which changed the sweetness of their soda to meet the consumers taste buds in diff erent countries. They did not neglect the needs of the local people; they therefore have the full respect of their culture and history. We have seen how cultural theories like Hofstede can allow global companies to take into consideration the cultural cluster that effects society but the problem with this theory is more based on how the organisation can improve culture difference inside the global company rather than the environment outside the organisation.